Surveyor&#39;s compass.



. Patented sept. 2s, |339."

R.- J. GUEPPINEKEB.

` SURVEYORS CUIPASS.

(L gplicgtion med In'. 2l, 1898.]

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/g /NE/vof? f V 179.67, y

"'zy. v ATTORNEYS.

Ptentd Sept. 26,1899.- y

' R. JI GUEPPINER. SURVEYOBS GUIPASS., (mmm and 1m. 21, lena.)

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Patented sept. 2s, |899;

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' 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 um nml.)

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ll/Eme Bry ATTORNEYS.

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RA'TBNT Price;

RUDOLPH JACOB ,GOEPPlN-GER, OF ST. FRANCIS, ARKANSAS.-

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fsrncrrlcnmron farming Harter Letters raeepjtnaeeaeee; dated septemberse, ieee. Applioation-iiledmaroh 21,1898. -Serial No. 674,642. (No mndeland State of Arkansas, have -invente'dnnew and Improved SuryeyorsCompass, of which' the following is ya full, clear, land exact`de`-scription.

The object of the'inventionisto provide a new and improved surveyorscompass arranged-to confine the vibrations and oscillations of theneedle to cause the latter to come to a state of rest in acomparativelyshort time, thus enabling a surveyor to run'line's quickly.

T--he invention consists of novel features and parts and conlibinationsvof the same, as4 will be described hereinafter, and 'pointedout in theclaims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a partof'this specification, in whichsimilar characters of Areferenceindicatecorresponding'parts in all'the'iig'ures.

Figure 1 is aplanviewof theimpr'ovement.l

Figure 2 is a sectional side elevation of the same on the line `2 '2 ofFig. 1. "Fig 3 isa transverse 'section of the same on thelinel of Fig.1'. Fig. 4 is a plan view of part .of the needle-lifting device'. Fig. 5is a perspective view of the spring for holding theslide fortheneedle-lifting device in position. Fig. 6 isa perspective view of theholder for the spring. Fig. -7' is a side elevation'of the slide for theneedle-lifting device. end elevation of the same. Fig. 9 is a plan viewof a modified form of the improvement.'V

Fig, 10 is a transverse section of the sanieon the line 10 10 of Fig. 9.Fig.'11 is" a plan view of another modified lformoffthe imprcvement.Fig. 12 is a plan view'of another modied form of the improvement. Fig.V1 3' is a transverse section of the same on the line 13- 13 of Fig. 12,and Fig. u14 is an inverted plan view of thesame. i

@The surveyors compass illustrated in Figs.

1 to 8, inclusive, is provided with the usual casing A, supporting thepivotB, on whichY of the needleC is mounted-to tu ru,-

the cap C theneedle being arranged Aunder a lglassfDI and adaptedto'indicate on the usual graduation E. A In order to limit thevibrationspr 1 fp'roper position Fig. 8 is an time, a needle-retainingdevice F is provided, arranged to engagethe needle and limit 'theoscillatiens thereof, and, as shown in Fig. 1, @said device is arrangedat one end of the yneed-le with arms at each side thereof. .Willbeunderstood that the needle remains ,permanently betweenthe arms of theretain- .ing device;

As illustrated in Fig. 1, the retaining de- :vic'fe F is made in theform of a U-shaped bar having its ends fastened to a ring G, mounted ltoturn on a bearir'ig I-l, secured to the bot- .to'm' of the casing A andconcentric with the I,pivot B. The'p'eripheral surface of the ring G isprovided with teeth in mesh with a pin- ,ion l, secured on a shaft I',mounted to turn 'inV the bottom of the casing, the lower end of theshaft' being provided with a knob l2 for conveniently turning the shaftandY the pinion to turn the ring G in its bearings H, so Las to bringVthe for limiting the final oscillations of the needle C. Thus whenthecompass is placed in positionv the surveyor or other person Vcanreadily move the retaining device F yinto a rposition approximatelycorresponding to the final position of the needle, .so'fth'at the needleC has its oscillations limited between the'side arms of the retainingdevice, and consequently comes to a state of rest in a very short timebetween the side arms of the retaining device.

As shown, for instance, in Fig'. 1, the nee- ;dle points to seventydegrees, and the retaini'ngdevice F has its side arms extending a fewdegrees above and below the seventy degrees mentioned. Thus theretaining device vdoes notinterfere in any Way with the proper pointingof the needle, so that the latter is `free to oscillate between the sidearms of the retaining device; but the oscillations are lim- ',it'ed, sothat the needle will come to a state Iof rest ina very short time.

I do'not limit myself to the particnlar construct-ion of theneedle-retaining deviceF or .to the particular mode of revolving-'there- 1tainingy device or devices to controlthe needle at'any desiredpoint entire-compass, as it is evident that the formthereof may begreatly vvaried without dcviatingfromthe spirit of retainingdevice F tothe` my"invention.v For instance, asshovvn in Fig. 9, theneedle-retaining device F conoscillations of theneedleCtobringztheiieedie vto a state of v.rest in' a comparatively slibrtsists of two pins F', placed a short distance apart and between whichextends one end of a needle C2. The pins F' are secured on a movablering G', mounted to turn in bearings H', carried by a casing A' similarto the casing A and having the usual glass D' and the graduation E' forthe needle to indicate on.

As illustrated in Fig. 11, the retaining device consists of two pins F2F2, arranged diametrically opposite each other for engaging oppositesides of the ends of the needle C3. The pins F2 F3 are secured on amovable ring G2, similar to the ring G', and under the control of theoperator by means of a pinion I4, similar to the pinion l2, used forturning the ring G'.

In connection with the needle-retaining device I provide aneedle-lifting device controlled by the ring G, as illustrated in thedrawings. The needle-lifting arm J is secured on a stirrup G3, carriedby the ring G, the free end of the lifting-arm extending under the capO' of the needle C, so that when the arm J is swung upward the cap C':is lifted ot'f the pivot B and pressed with its top surface against theunder side of the glass D to lock the needle in place. The lifting-arm Jis adapted to travel up an inclined projection orarm K, carried by aslide L, titted to slide on the bearing H, but held normally in positionthereon by a spring N,press ing against the inside ot' the bearing andcarried by a holder Y', removably held on the inner side of the slide L.The latter extends with its outer edge into a slot or groove G4,

.formed on the ring, so that when the latter is turned either end of theslot is moved in contact with the slide and carries the same along onthe bearing H.

Vhen the several parts are in the position shown in Fig. l and it isdesired to actuate the lifting-arm J and move the needle-cap C' off itspivot B, then the operator turns the knob l2 to turn the ring G in thedirection of the arrow ct' and move the lifting-arm J up on theprojection K, so as to swing the lifting-arm J upward and move the capC' in a like direction, th uslocking the needle. When it is desired toagain free the needle, the ring G is turned in the direction opposite tothe arrow a' and the arm J slides off the projection K and swingsdownward to permit the cap C' to again seat itself on its pivot B.Normally the lifting-arm J is out of engagement with the projection Kand the slide L moves with the lifting-arm J when the ring G is turnedin the inverse direction of the arrow a' to bring the retaining device Fin proper position to limit the oscillations of the needle, aspreviously explained.

, The device is very simple and durable in construction, and thearrangement shown in Figs. 9, l0, and 1l, forinstance, can be readilyapplied to any ordinary compass, it being understood that in this casethe lifting device forthe needle is ofthe usual construction. In themodiied form shown in Figs. 12, ,13,

and le the casing A2 is made in two principal sections A3 and A4, ofwhich the section A4 is mounted to turn on the other section A3 to bringthe graduation into the proper position relative to the needle C4, theswinging or vibration thereof being limited by a retaining deviceconsisting of two pins F4L F5, arranged similar to the pins F2 andFS-that is, diametrically opposite each other-for engaging oppositesides of the ends of the needle C4.

The pins F4 and F5 are formed on clampingscrews FG and F7, respectively,screwing in a ring` A5, secured to and forming part of the fixedcasing-section A3, and on which the other section is mounted to turn,the screws carrying a clamping-ring A6 for locking the sections togetheron screwing up the screws F6 and F7.

The needle-lifting device shown in Figs. l2 and 13 consists of alifting-arm J', pivoted at its outer end at J2 on the ring A5 and havingits inner forked end under the needle-cap, a screw J3 serving to swingthe arm up to lift the needle 0E its pivot B2. Said screw passesvertically through the casing from below and engages the arm J' with itspoint. The screw is indicated in dotted lines in Fig. l2.

It will be understood that in each of the constructions described Iprovide a retaining device or stop projecting into the path of theneedle, said stop being movable about the center of the compassrelatively to the casing or card carrying the graduation, so that thestop can be brought into any position relatively to the graduation.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent- 1. A compass, comprising a casing having agraduation, a needle arranged to indicate thereon, and a retainingdevice or stop projecting into the path of the needle and movablymountedon the casing so that it may be brought in registry with differentpoints of the graduation.

2. A compass, comprising a casing having a graduation, a needle arrangedto indicate thereon, and a retaining device or stop projecting into thepath of the needle and mount` ed to turn relatively to the casing aboutthe axis of the needle.

3. A compass, comprising a casing having a graduation, a needle arrangedto indicate thereon, a ring mounted to turn on the casing, and aretaining device or stop projecting from said ring into the path of theneedle.

et. A compass, comprising a casing having a graduation, a needlearranged to indicate thereon, a retaining device or stop projecting intothe path of the needle and movably mounted on the casing so as to becapable of being shifted into registry with dierent points of thegraduation, and a needle-lifter controlled b v the movement of saidretaining device.

5. A compass provided with a retaining device for the needle, comprisinga ring mov- IOO IIO

ceases M S able in bearings on the compass-casing, removed by the ring,but normally stationary, 1o tainors on the ring and in the path of theosand a projection on the slide and adapted to cillat-ing needle, andmeans for turning the. be engaged by the said lifting'g-arml on movingsaid ring to bring the retainers into the delthe ring-,substantiallyasshown and described.

5 sired position relative to the needle, subst-anmuy as Shown anddesebedl 1 LUDOLPH moois GOEPPINGER.

` 6. A compass provided with a needledifm Witnesses:

comprising a movable ring, a needle-lifting J. D. OLIVER, arm Vcarriedby the ring, a slide adapted to be H. ARNEP.

